Counties / South Dakota / Clay County

Clay County, SD

FIPS 46027 · population 15,219 · outside every metro area

$292k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$292k
▲ 3.9% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
ACS median gross rent
$770
occupied-unit survey; not current asking rent
Census ACS · surveyed
Gross yield
n/a
gross yield cannot be computed without measured market rent
requires both measured price and measured rent
HUD 2-bed standard
$929
the Section 8 payment standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+46.6%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+3.9%FHFA HPI2025+4.6%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$232k
Surveyed gross rent$770
Rent burden 30%+49.2%
Median year built1976
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
11.4%vacant
6,262estimated housing units
Occupied tenure49.2% renter
owner 50.8%renter 49.2%
Structure mix55.4% single-family
Single-family 55.4%20+ units 4.3%Mobile home 5.5%Other 34.9%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs6,111▲ 0.7% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments475annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$972▲ 3.3% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorTrade, transportation, and utilities29.3% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS+0.7%WEEKLY WAGE+3.3%Trade, transportation, and utilities29.3%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Clay County’s decision tension is that measured price gains coexist with a listing market showing more visible choices and meaningful concessions, while migration and income evidence do not provide a clean demand backstop. Landlords and buyers relying on resale liquidity should investigate rather than underwrite from appreciation alone. Zillow’s 2026-06 median home value is $291,644, up 3.85% year over year. Separately, FHFA’s 2025 repeat-transaction HPI rose 4.64%; it corroborates direction, but its method and vintage differ and cannot be averaged with Zillow.

02Housing economics

Property economics remain unresolved: no county market asking rent is published, so gross yield cannot be calculated. HUD FMR is a payment standard, not an asking-rent estimate or yield input. The effective property-tax rate is 1.26%; this county figure and the purchase price must be tested against the parcel’s assessment and tax bill, rather than treated as a tax quote for a specific home.

03Demand & competition

Realtor.com MLS evidence describes visible supply and seller behavior, not closed sales or buyer demand alone. Active listings total 50, up 69.49%; median listing price rose 13.09%, while 33.62% of listings had price reductions and the pending-to-active ratio was 9%. This combination makes the asking-price increase insufficient evidence of executable sale pricing. QCEW reports annual covered employment at county workplaces increased; Trade, transportation, and utilities is the largest disclosed private supersector, not the entire economy. Net migration was -49 and movers-in average AGI was $3,209 below movers-out. Investor share was 15.04% across 133 purchase mortgages, showing participation but not rental demand.

04Risk & next checks

Inland flood is the dominant hazard; modeled climate loss equals 0.16% of building value per year. It is a model, not claim history or a property-level insurance quote. Next checks are actual asking rents and lease terms, flood-zone and insurance quotes, parcel assessments, and closed-sale comparables. Missing market rent prevents gross-yield underwriting; missing property-level carrying costs and transaction evidence prevent a complete cash-flow and exit assessment.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Clay County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Vermillion city11.9KIrene city*456Wakonda town399Burbank CDP110Meckling CDP69
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

5 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Vermillion cityIncorporated place
    11,878
  2. 02
    Irene cityIncorporated place · spans 3 counties
    456
  3. 03
    Wakonda townIncorporated place
    399
  4. 04
    Burbank CDPCensus-designated place
    110
  5. 05
    Meckling CDPCensus-designated place
    69

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.155% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax1.26%

$2,937 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration-49

550 in · 599 out

Arriving vs leaving income−$3,209

$45,669 arriving · $48,878 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors15.0%

20 of 133 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings50▲ 69.5% year over year
Median days on market62▼ 10.8% year over year
Listings price-reduced33.6%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▲ 13.1% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

No rent index is published for this county.Zillow’s county rent series does not cover every county, and estimating one from a neighbouring county would be a guess wearing a number’s clothes. Everything above is measured here; no wider market is mapped for it either.
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Listing concessions may prevent published appreciation from translating into achievable resale execution.
  2. Absent market-rent evidence may make the income case fail underwriting.
  3. Flood insurance, property condition, or location exposure may exceed county modeled-loss assumptions.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Can gross yield be calculated from this record?

No. County market asking rent is not published, and HUD FMR is not a market-rent substitute.

Does the Realtor.com evidence establish closed-sale demand?

No. It reports MLS listing supply, asking prices, marketing conditions, reductions, and pending activity rather than completed transactions.

Is the QCEW employment measure resident employment?

No. It is annual covered employment at workplaces located in the county.