Counties / Illinois / Jefferson County

Jefferson County, IL

FIPS 17081 · population 36,550 · outside every metro area

$141k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$141k
▲ 8.1% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
ACS median gross rent
$885
occupied-unit survey; not current asking rent
Census ACS · surveyed
Gross yield
n/a
gross yield cannot be computed without measured market rent
requires both measured price and measured rent
HUD 2-bed standard
$1,026
the Section 8 payment standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+45.6%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+8.1%FHFA HPI2025+3.6%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$126k
Surveyed gross rent$885
Rent burden 30%+43.3%
Median year built1977
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
10.9%vacant
16,629estimated housing units
Occupied tenure28.3% renter
owner 71.7%renter 28.3%
Structure mix69.8% single-family
Single-family 69.8%20+ units 3.0%Mobile home 17.0%Other 10.2%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs19,407▲ 0.5% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments857annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$1,151▲ 3.5% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorManufacturing26.1% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS+0.5%WEEKLY WAGE+3.5%Manufacturing26.1%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Jefferson County presents a price-direction-versus-underwriting-coverage tension: the Zillow county median home value was $140,777, up 8.10% year over year, whereas FHFA’s repeat-transaction HPI rose 3.56% annually and 45.63% cumulatively over five years. These are different methods and supplied periods, not a blended appreciation measure. Investigate investors who can verify property-level rent and costs; be cautious where a faster current value signal is treated as durable operating support.

02Housing economics

No median asking market rent is published, so gross yield cannot be computed. HUD’s two-bedroom FMR of $1,026 per month is a payment standard, not observed asking rent, and cannot fill that gap. Carrying-cost review matters: effective property tax is 1.71%, and median annual tax is $2,148, but assessment, insurance, maintenance and financing data are not published. Those omissions prevent cash-flow or affordability conclusions.

03Demand & competition

Employment does not settle the demand question. QCEW’s annual average of covered jobs at county workplaces grew 0.52%, while Manufacturing—the largest disclosed private supersector—accounted for 26.13% of private covered jobs; this is workplace evidence, not resident employment or an outlook. In Realtor.com’s MLS listing-market evidence, median asking prices rose 18.31%, active listings rose 37.70%, and 15.99% carried reductions. Asking prices, supply and concessions describe marketing conditions, not sales prices or buyer demand by themselves.

04Risk & next checks

Net migration was negative, and incoming moving households’ average AGI was $3,357 below that of outgoing households, narrowing the case for assuming deeper local purchasing capacity. Investor purchases were 6.62% of 287 total purchases, so non-owner buyers are present but not the whole buyer pool. Earthquake is the named dominant hazard, while modeled climate loss equals 0.17% of building value annually, not a property-specific loss estimate. Next checks are rent rolls, closed-sale comparables, tax bills, insurance and earthquake exposure, lease quality, and financing terms.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Jefferson County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Mount Vernon city14.1KCentralia city*11.9KIna village1.6KWoodlawn village632Dix village568Bluford village483Bonnie village461Belle Rive village382
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

11 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Mount Vernon cityIncorporated place
    14,090
  2. 02
    Centralia cityIncorporated place · spans 4 counties
    11,856
  3. 03
    Ina villageIncorporated place
    1,560
  4. 04
    Woodlawn villageIncorporated place
    632
  5. 05
    Dix villageIncorporated place
    568
  6. 06
    Bluford villageIncorporated place
    483
  7. 07
    Bonnie villageIncorporated place
    461
  8. 08
    Belle Rive villageIncorporated place
    382
  9. 09
    Waltonville villageIncorporated place
    294
  10. 10
    Opdyke CDPCensus-designated place
    246
  11. 11
    Nason cityIncorporated place
    203

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardearthquake

0.166% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax1.70%

$2,148 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration-52

696 in · 748 out

Arriving vs leaving income−$3,357

$47,152 arriving · $50,509 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors6.6%

19 of 287 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings84▲ 37.7% year over year
Median days on market66▲ 22.9% year over year
Listings price-reduced16.0%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▲ 18.3% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

No rent index is published for this county.Zillow’s county rent series does not cover every county, and estimating one from a neighbouring county would be a guess wearing a number’s clothes. Everything above is measured here; no wider market is mapped for it either.
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Actual market rent and operating costs may not support the acquisition despite rising value measures.
  2. MLS asking-price and inventory evidence may not translate into closed-sale liquidity or buyer demand.
  3. Property-specific earthquake exposure, insurance costs, and tax assessments may differ materially from county-level measures.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Can gross yield be calculated from this record?

No. Median asking market rent is not published, and HUD FMR is not a market-rent substitute.

Does the record establish a closed-sale price trend?

No. It provides a Zillow home-value measure, an FHFA appreciation index, and Realtor.com MLS asking-price evidence, not closed-sale comparables.

What does the employment measure represent?

QCEW measures annual average covered jobs at workplaces in the county, not resident employment or unemployment.