Counties / South Dakota / Lake County

Lake County, SD

FIPS 46079 · population 10,972 · outside every metro area

$318k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$318k
▲ 2.1% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
ACS median gross rent
$947
occupied-unit survey; not current asking rent
Census ACS · surveyed
Gross yield
n/a
gross yield cannot be computed without measured market rent
requires both measured price and measured rent
HUD 2-bed standard
$970
the Section 8 payment standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+59.7%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+2.1%FHFA HPI2025+5.4%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$248k
Surveyed gross rent$947
Rent burden 30%+47.5%
Median year built1975
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
18.6%vacant
5,797estimated housing units
Occupied tenure26.2% renter
owner 73.8%renter 26.2%
Structure mix76.3% single-family
Single-family 76.3%20+ units 3.9%Mobile home 8.2%Other 11.6%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs5,142▼ 1.5% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments505annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$1,138▲ 4.2% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorManufacturing23.3% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS−1.5%WEEKLY WAGE+4.2%Manufacturing23.3%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Lake County presents a price-momentum-versus-depth question: investors needing proven operating income should be cautious, while investigators focused on asset selection should test whether available demand can support current values. Zillow’s county median home value was $317,893 in 2026-06, up 2.12% year over year. Separately, FHFA’s 2025 repeat-transaction HPI rose 5.44% annually; it corroborates appreciation direction, not a dollar value or a comparable Zillow interval.

02Housing economics

Housing economics remain unproven because county market asking rent is not published, so gross yield cannot be computed. HUD’s two-bedroom FMR is $970 per month, but it is a payment standard rather than market rent and cannot substitute in a yield calculation. The 1.03% effective property-tax rate and $2,546 median annual tax establish a carrying-cost line item, but cannot be reconciled to rent coverage; property-level assessments, insurance and operating costs are also absent.

03Demand & competition

Listing and demand evidence calls for careful deal-level scrutiny rather than a scarcity conclusion. Realtor.com MLS active listings fell 10.27% year over year, yet median days on market lengthened 25.43% and 16.93% of listings were price reduced. Those are visible supply, marketing-time and seller-concession measures—not closed sales or proof of buyer demand. Annual QCEW covered workplace employment fell 1.51%; Manufacturing, the largest disclosed private supersector, represented 23.29% of private covered jobs. Net migration was negative, although inbound movers had higher average AGI than outbound movers. Non-occupant purchase mortgages represented 12.4% of 121 purchases, indicating investor participation but not dominant competition.

04Risk & next checks

Inland flood is the stated dominant hazard, and modeled annual building-value loss is 0.13%, a county screening input rather than a parcel loss estimate. The thesis could fail if flood exposure or insurance pricing is concentrated in target locations, if MLS softness persists despite reduced inventory, or if declining covered employment weakens tenant and buyer pools. Next, obtain market asking rents, property-level flood and insurance quotes, assessments, sale comps, vacancy and lease data; without them, cash flow, gross yield, valuation and hazard-adjusted underwriting remain unresolved.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Lake County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Madison city6.1KLake Madison CDP936Ramona town538Brant Lake South CDP211Chester CDP152Wentworth village138Brant Lake city63Nunda town40
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

11 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Madison cityIncorporated place
    6,094
  2. 02
    Lake Madison CDPCensus-designated place
    936
  3. 03
    Ramona townIncorporated place
    538
  4. 04
    Brant Lake South CDPCensus-designated place
    211
  5. 05
    Chester CDPCensus-designated place
    152
  6. 06
    Wentworth villageIncorporated place
    138
  7. 07
    Brant Lake cityIncorporated place
    63
  8. 08
    Nunda townIncorporated place
    40
  9. 09
    Winfred CDPCensus-designated place
    34
  10. 10
    Rustic Acres Colony CDPCensus-designated place
    30
  11. 11
    Graceville Colony CDPCensus-designated place
    0

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.131% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax1.03%

$2,546 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration-14

335 in · 349 out

Arriving vs leaving income+$5,271

$71,188 arriving · $65,917 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors12.4%

15 of 121 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings66▼ 10.3% year over year
Median days on market73▲ 25.4% year over year
Listings price-reduced16.9%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▲ 5.2% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

No rent index is published for this county.Zillow’s county rent series does not cover every county, and estimating one from a neighbouring county would be a guess wearing a number’s clothes. Everything above is measured here; no wider market is mapped for it either.
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Flood exposure and insurance costs may be materially worse at target parcels than the county-level climate screen indicates.
  2. Continued weakness in covered workplace employment could narrow tenant and buyer pools.
  3. Longer MLS marketing time and price reductions may indicate softer transaction conditions than inventory alone suggests.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Can gross yield be calculated from the supplied record?

No. County market asking rent is not published, and HUD FMR cannot be used as market rent.

What hazard requires property-level diligence?

Inland flood is the stated dominant hazard; the modeled loss ratio is only a county-level screening input.

What employment series is available?

Annual QCEW covered employment at workplaces in the county, not resident employment or an unemployment measure.