Counties / Illinois / Union County

Union County, IL

FIPS 17181 · population 16,997 · outside every metro area

$149k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$149k
▲ 2.9% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
ACS median gross rent
$648
occupied-unit survey; not current asking rent
Census ACS · surveyed
Gross yield
n/a
gross yield cannot be computed without measured market rent
requires both measured price and measured rent
HUD 2-bed standard
$916
the Section 8 payment standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+42.3%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+2.9%FHFA HPI2025+13.1%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$132k
Surveyed gross rent$648
Rent burden 30%+48.1%
Median year built1975
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
12.5%vacant
7,851estimated housing units
Occupied tenure22.6% renter
owner 77.5%renter 22.6%
Structure mix75.5% single-family
Single-family 75.5%20+ units 3.7%Mobile home 13.7%Other 7.1%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs5,237▼ 2.6% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments313annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$936▲ 7.6% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorEducation and health services30.2% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS−2.6%WEEKLY WAGE+7.6%Education and health services30.2%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Union County has a split decision frame: Zillow’s county median home value in 2026-06 was $148,877 and higher year over year, while the FHFA repeat-transaction HPI rose 13.06% in 2025. Buyers able to validate rent, condition and insurance should investigate; those needing demonstrated tenant demand and exit liquidity should be cautious. FHFA is an appreciation index, not a dollar home value. Its 2025 direction can support Zillow’s direction, but the methods and labeled periods cannot be averaged.

02Housing economics

Income underwriting is incomplete because median asking market rent is not published, so gross yield cannot be computed. HUD’s two-bedroom FMR is a payment standard, not an asking-rent estimate, and cannot fill that gap. The effective property-tax rate is 1.30%, with a $1,712 median annual tax. These are carrying-cost inputs, but county medians do not identify a subject parcel’s assessment or tax bill. The price-to-rent relationship remains unmeasured.

03Demand & competition

In Realtor.com’s 2026-06 MLS listing market, median listing price increased year over year, but visible supply was 44 active listings and median marketing time was 79 days. The 5.08% price-reduced share is evidence of seller concessions. These are asking-price, active-supply and marketing-time measures, not closed-sale prices. The pending-to-active measure describes an MLS pipeline only and does not by itself establish buyer demand. Recent closed comparables and property-level listing history are needed before setting exit value or marketing time.

04Risk & next checks

Labor, migration and ownership data add limits on tenant-demand conclusions. QCEW’s 2025 annual covered workplace employment contracted while average covered-worker wages increased; Education and health services is the largest disclosed private supersector, not the whole economy. Net tax-return migration was -34, and the mover AGI gap was -$1,416, with inbound movers reporting lower average income. Non-occupant purchase mortgages were 8.54% of 82 purchases, a minority measure that excludes non-mortgage activity. Inland flood is the dominant hazard, with modeled annual building-value loss of 0.24%. Verify flood zone, insurance terms, lease comparables and parcel tax before underwriting.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Union County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Anna city4.2KJonesboro city1.9KCobden village1.2KDongola village553Alto Pass village343Mill Creek village37
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

6 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Anna cityIncorporated place
    4,196
  2. 02
    Jonesboro cityIncorporated place
    1,870
  3. 03
    Cobden villageIncorporated place
    1,170
  4. 04
    Dongola villageIncorporated place
    553
  5. 05
    Alto Pass villageIncorporated place
    343
  6. 06
    Mill Creek villageIncorporated place
    37

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.244% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax1.30%

$1,712 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration-34

261 in · 295 out

Arriving vs leaving income−$1,416

$49,360 arriving · $50,776 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors8.5%

7 of 82 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings44▲ 14.5% year over year
Median days on market79▲ 56.4% year over year
Listings price-reduced5.1%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▲ 36.2% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

No rent index is published for this county.Zillow’s county rent series does not cover every county, and estimating one from a neighbouring county would be a guess wearing a number’s clothes. Everything above is measured here; no wider market is mapped for it either.
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Unpublished market rent and parcel-specific tax or insurance costs could materially change carrying-cost and yield conclusions.
  2. MLS asking-price indicators may not match closed-sale pricing or liquidity in a specific submarket.
  3. County-level migration, workplace employment and climate modeling may not represent a property’s tenant base or flood exposure.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Can a market-rent-based gross yield be calculated from this record?

No. Median asking market rent is not published, and HUD FMR is not market rent.

How much mortgage purchase activity was non-occupant investor activity?

Non-occupant purchase mortgages were 8.54% of 82 purchases.

Which physical hazard requires parcel-level review?

Inland flood is the dominant hazard, and the record reports a modeled annual building-value loss ratio of 0.24%.