Counties / Iowa / Clay County

Clay County, IA

FIPS 19041 · population 16,461 · outside every metro area

$200k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$200k
▲ 6.3% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
ACS median gross rent
$811
occupied-unit survey; not current asking rent
Census ACS · surveyed
Gross yield
n/a
gross yield cannot be computed without measured market rent
requires both measured price and measured rent
HUD 2-bed standard
$919
the Section 8 payment standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+36.5%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+6.3%FHFA HPI2025+5.0%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$179k
Surveyed gross rent$811
Rent burden 30%+36.4%
Median year built1967
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
10.7%vacant
8,157estimated housing units
Occupied tenure26.7% renter
owner 73.3%renter 26.7%
Structure mix76.6% single-family
Single-family 76.6%20+ units 7.3%Mobile home 1.9%Other 14.2%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs8,536▲ 0.0% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments712annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$1,054▲ 2.4% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorTrade, transportation, and utilities34.6% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS+0.0%WEEKLY WAGE+2.4%Trade, transportation, and utilities34.6%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Clay County’s decision tension is price momentum against a loosening visible listing market and incomplete income underwriting. Zillow’s monthly county median home value was $200,080, up 6.27% year over year. Buyers who can test lease demand, flood exposure and exit depth at the address level should investigate; those relying on appreciation or a quick resale should be cautious because county evidence does not establish transaction liquidity.

02Housing economics

Housing economics support neither a rent yield nor a blended appreciation claim. The annual FHFA repeat-transaction HPI rose 5.03% year over year; it confirms Zillow’s upward direction but is an index, not a home value, and its annual vintage and method differ from Zillow’s monthly measure. Market rent is not published, so gross yield cannot be computed. HUD’s $919 two-bedroom FMR is a payment standard, not asking rent. The effective property-tax rate is 1.15%, a carrying-cost input requiring parcel verification.

03Demand & competition

Realtor.com’s MLS listing market presents counterevidence: median listing price fell 2.71%, active listings rose 21.11%, median marketing time reached 49 days, and 23.06% of listings had reductions. These are asking-price, visible-supply and concession measures—not closed-sale prices or independent proof of buyer demand. Tax-return movers were net +9, but inbound households reported average AGI $4,128 below outbound households, which tempers the small inflow. Investor purchase mortgages represented 4.22% of 166 purchases, limited county-level evidence of investor competition. QCEW annual covered workplace employment rose 0.02%, while average weekly wage rose 2.43%; these are workplace covered-worker measures, not resident jobs or an economic forecast.

04Risk & next checks

The principal modeled physical-risk limit is inland flood: expected annual climate loss equals 0.27% of building value, a modeled loss ratio rather than an insurance quote. Flood zone, elevation, prior loss, replacement cost, premiums, deductibles and insurability are not published; without them, property-level carrying-cost and resilience conclusions cannot be made. Also not published are lease concessions, closed-sale comps, vacancy and financing terms; with market rent absent, those gaps prevent gross-yield, tenant-demand and exit-price underwriting. Verify parcel taxes, rent comps and flood insurance before treating county signals as property outcomes.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Clay County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Spencer city11.4KRoyal city585Everly city584Peterson city298Fostoria city181Dickens city131Webb city102Rossie city88
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

10 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Spencer cityIncorporated place
    11,400
  2. 02
    Royal cityIncorporated place
    585
  3. 03
    Everly cityIncorporated place
    584
  4. 04
    Peterson cityIncorporated place
    298
  5. 05
    Fostoria cityIncorporated place
    181
  6. 06
    Dickens cityIncorporated place
    131
  7. 07
    Webb cityIncorporated place
    102
  8. 08
    Rossie cityIncorporated place
    88
  9. 09
    Greenville cityIncorporated place
    62
  10. 10
    Gillett Grove cityIncorporated place
    40

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.272% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax1.15%

$2,050 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration+9

430 in · 421 out

Arriving vs leaving income−$4,128

$53,684 arriving · $57,812 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors4.2%

7 of 166 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings55▲ 21.1% year over year
Median days on market49▲ 37.8% year over year
Listings price-reduced23.1%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▼ 2.7% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

No rent index is published for this county.Zillow’s county rent series does not cover every county, and estimating one from a neighbouring county would be a guess wearing a number’s clothes. Everything above is measured here; no wider market is mapped for it either.
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Property-level rents, vacancy and lease concessions could differ materially from county-level evidence.
  2. Closed-sale comparables and financing conditions could show different exit liquidity than MLS listing signals.
  3. Flood exposure, insurance availability and premiums may make individual properties less viable than the modeled county loss ratio suggests.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Is a market-rent-based gross yield available from this record?

No. Market rent is not published, and HUD FMR is a payment standard rather than asking rent.

Which hazard is identified as dominant?

Inland flood.

What labor measure does QCEW provide here?

Annual average covered jobs located at county workplaces, not resident employment.