Counties / Washington / Columbia County

Columbia County, WA

FIPS 53013 · population 4,014 · outside every metro area

$273k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$273k
▲ 0.3% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
ACS median gross rent
$985
occupied-unit survey; not current asking rent
Census ACS · surveyed
Gross yield
n/a
gross yield cannot be computed without measured market rent
requires both measured price and measured rent
HUD 2-bed standard
$1,052
the Section 8 payment standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+47.4%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+0.3%FHFA HPI2025+1.6%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$271k
Surveyed gross rent$985
Rent burden 30%+45.8%
Median year built1953
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
16.0%vacant
2,217estimated housing units
Occupied tenure22.3% renter
owner 77.7%renter 22.3%
Structure mix83.4% single-family
Single-family 83.4%20+ units 0.5%Mobile home 11.6%Other 4.5%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs1,331▼ 11.0% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments180annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$1,192▼ 7.6% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorTrade, transportation, and utilitiesn/a of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS−11.0%WEEKLY WAGE−7.6%Trade, transportation, and utilitiesn/a
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Columbia County presents a tension between modestly positive price measures and a materially weaker covered-job base, with sparse county evidence on cash flow. The record warrants investigation by buyers able to verify tenant demand, flood exposure and insurance property by property; it warrants caution from buyers relying on county averages or immediate yield assumptions.

02Housing economics

Zillow’s county observation for 2026-06 puts median home value at $273,446, up 0.31% year over year. FHFA’s separate annual 2025 repeat-transaction HPI rose 1.56%; it confirms direction but is an index, not a home value, and must not be combined with Zillow into one rate because vintages and methods differ. Market asking rent is not published, so gross yield cannot be computed. HUD’s $1,052 two-bedroom FMR is a payment standard, not market rent. The 0.85% effective property-tax rate and $2,303 median annual tax require carrying-cost review but cannot close the rent gap.

03Demand & competition

QCEW reports 1,331 annual average covered jobs at county workplaces, down 10.97% from its prior annual average. This is neither resident employment nor an unemployment measure; Trade, transportation, and utilities is the largest disclosed private supersector, not the whole economy. Realtor.com’s MLS listing-market evidence shows 46 median days on market and 11.32% of listings price-reduced—marketing-time and seller-concession signals, not sale prices or proof of buyer demand. Tax-return migration was net positive, but incoming movers had lower average AGI than departing movers. The record reports 2 investor purchases among 54 total purchases, a 3.70% investor share, indicating limited recorded investor participation.

04Risk & next checks

Modeled expected annual climate loss equals 0.36% of building value and the dominant hazard is inland flood. This is a modeled loss ratio, not a realized loss estimate, and requires address-level flood, insurance and mitigation review. Missing market rent prevents yield underwriting; missing vacancy, lease, utility, insurance, condition and closed-sale evidence prevents a net-income, operating-cost or exit-price conclusion. County aggregates also cannot establish neighborhood tenant depth or a specific asset’s hazard burden.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Columbia County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Dayton city2.8KStarbuck town93
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

2 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Dayton cityIncorporated place
    2,774
  2. 02
    Starbuck townIncorporated place
    93

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.359% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax0.85%

$2,303 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration+11

126 in · 115 out

Arriving vs leaving income−$3,839

$51,944 arriving · $55,783 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors3.7%

2 of 54 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings27▼ 10.0% year over year
Median days on market46▲ 8.3% year over year
Listings price-reduced11.3%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▲ 29.1% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

No rent index is published for this county.Zillow’s county rent series does not cover every county, and estimating one from a neighbouring county would be a guess wearing a number’s clothes. Everything above is measured here; no wider market is mapped for it either.
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Unpublished market rent and vacancy evidence could make property cash flow materially different from county-level price impressions.
  2. Address-level flood exposure, insurance availability, and mitigation costs may diverge from the county modeled loss ratio.
  3. County aggregates and MLS listing evidence may not represent the target neighborhood, asset condition, or completed-sale liquidity.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Can gross yield be calculated from the supplied record?

No. Market asking rent is not published, and HUD Fair Market Rent cannot be substituted for market rent.

What does the FHFA measure represent?

It is a repeat-transaction home-price index, not a dollar home value or a direct estimate of a property’s sale price.

Do the Realtor.com figures establish closed-sale pricing or buyer demand?

No. They are MLS listing-market evidence: asking-price, visible-supply, marketing-time, and price-reduction measures.