Counties / Virginia / Cumberland County

Cumberland County, VA

FIPS 51049 · population 9,818 · outside every metro area

$291k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$291k
▲ 7.7% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
ACS median gross rent
$877
occupied-unit survey; not current asking rent
Census ACS · surveyed
Gross yield
n/a
gross yield cannot be computed without measured market rent
requires both measured price and measured rent
HUD 2-bed standard
$997
the Section 8 payment standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+60.1%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+7.7%FHFA HPI2025+7.8%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$239k
Surveyed gross rent$877
Rent burden 30%+26.9%
Median year built1986
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
15.3%vacant
4,736estimated housing units
Occupied tenure24.1% renter
owner 75.9%renter 24.1%
Structure mix72.4% single-family
Single-family 72.4%20+ units 0.5%Mobile home 24.8%Other 2.3%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs1,432▼ 0.8% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments247annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$888▲ 0.5% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorTrade, transportation, and utilities23.7% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS−0.8%WEEKLY WAGE+0.5%Trade, transportation, and utilities23.7%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Cumberland County poses a split case: Zillow’s 2026-06 median home value was $290,546, up 7.73% year over year, while FHFA’s annual 2025 repeat-transaction HPI rose 7.79% and was 60.10% higher over five years. Dates and methods differ; the HPI is not a home value, and the rates should not be combined. Investigate operators able to verify rent and flood exposure asset by asset; be cautious where recent value trends are treated as proof of exit liquidity.

02Housing economics

Income underwriting has a hard gap: market asking rent is not published, so gross yield cannot be computed. HUD’s two-bedroom FMR of $997 per month is a payment standard, not an estimate of asking rent. Carrying costs include a 0.57% effective property-tax rate, but insurance, maintenance, financing and utilities are not published. This prevents an expense and debt-service test before property-specific flood costs.

03Demand & competition

Realtor.com’s MLS data point to a softer visible listing market, not to closed-sale pricing: 31 active listings were 16.98% higher year over year; median marketing time was 53 days; and 11.28% of listings had a price reduction. The 70.97% pending-to-active ratio indicates contracts, not buyer demand. Net migration was 52 tax-return households, with in-movers reporting higher average income than out-movers; investor mortgages were 11 of 150 purchases. That pairs positive mover-income evidence with a small measured non-owner-occupant mortgage share, but neither metric identifies tenant demand or transaction-level bidding.

04Risk & next checks

Risk limits matter. Inland flood is dominant, and modeled annual climate loss equals 0.12% of building value; it is a modeled ratio, not a property-loss estimate. QCEW annual covered workplace employment fell 0.83%; Trade, transportation, and utilities was the largest disclosed private supersector, not the whole economy. Next checks: property flood zone, insurance quotes, repair history, asking rents, lease velocity and comparable closed sales. These are needed to test affordability, operating margin and resale evidence.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Cumberland County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Farmville town*7.8KCumberland CDP273
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

2 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Farmville townIncorporated place · spans 2 counties
    7,774
  2. 02
    Cumberland CDPCensus-designated place
    273

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.123% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax0.57%

$1,361 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration+52

338 in · 286 out

Arriving vs leaving income+$4,706

$53,157 arriving · $48,451 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors7.3%

11 of 150 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings31▲ 17.0% year over year
Median days on market53▲ 36.5% year over year
Listings price-reduced11.3%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▼ 2.2% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

No rent index is published for this county.Zillow’s county rent series does not cover every county, and estimating one from a neighbouring county would be a guess wearing a number’s clothes. Everything above is measured here; no wider market is mapped for it either.
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Unpublished market rent could leave actual cash flow below underwriting assumptions.
  2. Soft MLS conditions could require seller concessions or reveal weaker closed-sale pricing.
  3. Flood insurance, damage history or mitigation needs could raise carrying costs beyond county-level evidence.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Can a county gross yield be calculated from this record?

No. Market asking rent is not published, and HUD two-bedroom FMR cannot substitute for market rent.

What do the migration records show about movers?

Net migration is positive, and in-movers reported higher average income than out-movers.

Does the record establish sales-price demand?

No. Realtor.com provides MLS listing conditions, including supply, marketing time, reductions and pending activity, rather than closed-sale evidence.