Counties / Iowa / Shelby County

Shelby County, IA

FIPS 19165 · population 11,778 · outside every metro area

$218k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$218k
▲ 4.5% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
ACS median gross rent
$783
occupied-unit survey; not current asking rent
Census ACS · surveyed
Gross yield
n/a
gross yield cannot be computed without measured market rent
requires both measured price and measured rent
HUD 2-bed standard
$919
the Section 8 payment standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+52.9%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+4.5%FHFA HPI2025+5.5%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$164k
Surveyed gross rent$783
Rent burden 30%+51.1%
Median year built1949
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
10.3%vacant
5,441estimated housing units
Occupied tenure22.2% renter
owner 77.8%renter 22.2%
Structure mix87.9% single-family
Single-family 87.9%20+ units 2.7%Mobile home 4.3%Other 5.1%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs5,531▲ 1.3% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments433annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$1,033▲ 5.2% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorTrade, transportation, and utilities36.6% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS+1.3%WEEKLY WAGE+5.2%Trade, transportation, and utilities36.6%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Shelby County is a mixed screen: Zillow’s 2026-06 median home value was $218,220, up 4.49% year over year, while FHFA’s separately dated 2025 repeat-transaction HPI increased 5.48%. The aligned direction warrants investigation by buyers able to underwrite uncertain exit conditions, but calls for caution from resale-dependent investors. Zillow’s value measure and FHFA’s index use different methods and vintages; their growth rates cannot be combined.

02Housing economics

Market rent is not published, so gross yield cannot be computed. HUD’s $919 two-bedroom FMR is a payment standard, not an asking-rent estimate, and cannot be used as rent. An effective property-tax rate of 1.28% is a carrying-cost input against the home-value benchmark. Inland flood is the dominant hazard, and modeled annual climate loss equals 0.16% of building value; it is modeled exposure, not a property-specific insurance quote or loss history.

03Demand & competition

Realtor.com’s MLS median listing price declined from a year earlier; its 31 active listings also declined, while the 77-day median marketing time lengthened and 23.51% of listings had reductions. These are asking-price, visible-supply, marketing-time, and seller-concession measures—not closed-sale pricing or proof of buyer demand. Tax-return migration was net positive by 30 households, yet the reported average-AGI gap, calculated as incoming minus outgoing, was negative $7,875, a demand-quality caveat. Investors made 20 of 117 purchases, or 17.09%, signaling present competition but not its effect on values. Annual QCEW workplace covered employment rose from its prior annual average; it is not resident employment or unemployment. Trade, transportation, and utilities is the largest disclosed private supersector, not the entire economy.

04Risk & next checks

These are county-level screens, not property underwriting. Obtain achievable market rent, lease terms, vacancy, and turnover before assessing income coverage; their absence prevents gross-yield and rent-to-FMR analysis. Verify parcel assessment, tax bill, flood zone, elevation, insurance availability, deductibles, and claims history. Obtain recent closed-sale comparables, listing histories, financing mix, and buyer type to test the exit assumption. The record does not establish tenant demand, insurability, or transaction-level pricing.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Shelby County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Harlan city4.9KShelby city*752Elk Horn city728Earling city478Irwin city352Defiance city251Panama city245Portsmouth city204
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

13 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Harlan cityIncorporated place
    4,891
  2. 02
    Shelby cityIncorporated place · spans 2 counties
    752
  3. 03
    Elk Horn cityIncorporated place
    728
  4. 04
    Earling cityIncorporated place
    478
  5. 05
    Irwin cityIncorporated place
    352
  6. 06
    Defiance cityIncorporated place
    251
  7. 07
    Panama cityIncorporated place
    245
  8. 08
    Portsmouth cityIncorporated place
    204
  9. 09
    Westphalia cityIncorporated place
    117
  10. 10
    Tennant cityIncorporated place
    84
  11. 11
    Kirkman cityIncorporated place
    58
  12. 12
    Corley CDPCensus-designated place
    0
Show 1 more places
  1. 13
    Jacksonville CDPCensus-designated place
    0

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.164% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax1.28%

$2,094 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration+30

296 in · 266 out

Arriving vs leaving income−$7,875

$47,027 arriving · $54,902 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors17.1%

20 of 117 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings31▼ 29.9% year over year
Median days on market77▲ 56.9% year over year
Listings price-reduced23.5%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▼ 5.4% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

No rent index is published for this county.Zillow’s county rent series does not cover every county, and estimating one from a neighbouring county would be a guess wearing a number’s clothes. Everything above is measured here; no wider market is mapped for it either.
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Achievable market rent, vacancy, and lease evidence are absent, so income coverage could be weaker than assumed.
  2. Flood exposure and insurance terms may differ materially by parcel.
  3. MLS concession and marketing evidence may not translate into reliable closed-sale resale pricing.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Do Zillow and FHFA provide one combined appreciation rate?

No. Zillow reports a county home-value change and FHFA reports a repeat-transaction index change from differently dated observations; they should not be combined.

Can gross yield be calculated from this record?

No. Market rent is not published, and HUD FMR is a payment standard rather than a substitute for asking rent.

What does QCEW employment represent here?

It represents annual average covered jobs at workplaces in Shelby County, not resident employment, unemployment, or a forecast.