Counties / California / Tuolumne County

Tuolumne County, CA

FIPS 06109 · population 54,498 · part of Sonora, CA

$396k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$396k
▼ 2.1% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
Median asking rent
$1,472
▲ 8.1% year over year
Zillow ZORI · direct
Gross yield
4.5%
annual rent ÷ price, before costs
derived: rent × 12 ÷ price ✓
HUD 2-bed standard
$1,589
market rent is 0.93x the standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

The annual signals disagree
FHFA five-year cumulative+29.7%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06−2.1%FHFA HPI2025+0.0%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$433k
Surveyed gross rent$1,302
Rent burden 30%+59.3%
Median year built1980
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
28.2%vacant
31,589estimated housing units
Occupied tenure26.1% renter
owner 73.9%renter 26.1%
Structure mix82.4% single-family
Single-family 82.4%20+ units 2.7%Mobile home 8.4%Other 6.6%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs18,398▲ 1.0% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments1,952annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$1,166▲ 3.3% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorEducation and health services24.9% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS+1.0%WEEKLY WAGE+3.3%Education and health services24.9%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Tuolumne presents an income-versus-resale tension: Zillow’s June 2026 county median home value was $395,772, down 2.05% year over year, while median asking rent was $1,472 monthly, up 8.06%. The supplied 4.46% gross yield uses market rent before costs. It merits income-focused investigation, while an appreciation-led case warrants caution; this remains county-level screening, not a property valuation.

02Housing economics

Separate the benchmarks. HUD’s two-bedroom FMR is a payment standard, not an asking-rent estimate, and cannot substitute for market rent in the yield calculation. The 2025 FHFA repeat-transaction HPI rose 0.04% annually after a 29.71% cumulative five-year change. This near-flat indexed change differs from Zillow’s decline and is neither a dollar value nor the same vintage or method as Zillow. The 0.66% effective property-tax rate is a recurring cost against gross yield; unreported insurance, financing, maintenance and vacancy prevent a net-yield conclusion.

03Demand & competition

MLS conditions are mixed, not proof of demand. Realtor.com recorded 462 active listings, 8.52% fewer year over year; median marketing time was 57 days and 18.63% of listings had price reductions. These are active-listing asking-market measures, not closed sales. Investor share was 10.23% of 567 total purchases. Net migration was negative 58 tax-return households, and incoming movers’ average AGI was $5,923 below outgoing movers’. QCEW county-workplace data show covered employment and wages increased; education and health services was the largest disclosed private supersector, not the whole economy.

04Risk & next checks

Wildfire is the dominant hazard, and the modeled annual climate-loss ratio is 0.36% of building value; this can narrow the apparent gap between gross rent and carrying costs, but is not a property-specific insurance quote. Missing parcel-level hazard exposure, insurance availability and premiums, unit-level rents, vacancy, operating expenses, debt terms, and closed-sale comparables prevent conclusions on insurability, net income, debt coverage and resale value. These require asset-level verification.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Tuolumne County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Sonora city4.9KPhoenix Lake CDP4.8KMono Vista CDP3.7KJamestown CDP3.3KEast Sonora CDP2.7KPine Mountain Lake CDP2.5KTwain Harte CDP2.4KColumbia CDP2.2K
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

19 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Sonora cityIncorporated place
    4,919
  2. 02
    Phoenix Lake CDPCensus-designated place
    4,794
  3. 03
    Mono Vista CDPCensus-designated place
    3,675
  4. 04
    Jamestown CDPCensus-designated place
    3,265
  5. 05
    East Sonora CDPCensus-designated place
    2,651
  6. 06
    Pine Mountain Lake CDPCensus-designated place
    2,498
  7. 07
    Twain Harte CDPCensus-designated place
    2,372
  8. 08
    Columbia CDPCensus-designated place
    2,235
  9. 09
    Soulsbyville CDPCensus-designated place
    2,101
  10. 10
    Cedar Ridge CDPCensus-designated place
    1,671
  11. 11
    Tuolumne City CDPCensus-designated place
    1,148
  12. 12
    Mi-Wuk Village CDPCensus-designated place
    886
Show 7 more places
  1. 13
    Groveland CDPCensus-designated place
    490
  2. 14
    Tuttletown CDPCensus-designated place
    440
  3. 15
    Sierra Village CDPCensus-designated place
    150
  4. 16
    Chinese Camp CDPCensus-designated place
    69
  5. 17
    Strawberry CDP (Tuolumne County)Census place
    56
  6. 18
    Long Barn CDPCensus-designated place
    29
  7. 19
    Cold Springs CDP (Tuolumne County)Census place
    19

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardwildfire

0.364% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax0.66%

$2,864 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration-58

1,238 in · 1,296 out

Arriving vs leaving income−$5,923

$71,284 arriving · $77,207 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors10.2%

58 of 567 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings462▼ 8.5% year over year
Median days on market57▼ 11.3% year over year
Listings price-reduced18.6%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▼ 6.5% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Property-specific wildfire exposure or insurance costs could erase the pre-cost yield.
  2. County median asking rent may not represent achievable rent or vacancy for a target property.
  3. Closed-sale comparables and unreported operating costs could contradict listing-market and gross-yield signals.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Can HUD FMR substitute for published market rent in the gross-yield calculation?

No. It is a two-bedroom payment standard, while the record separately publishes median asking rent.

What does the reported gross yield leave unresolved?

It is before costs; insurance, financing, maintenance, vacancy and operating expenses are not published, so net yield cannot be computed.

Does the Realtor.com evidence establish a closed-sale value?

No. It describes MLS asking prices, active supply, marketing time and price reductions rather than sale transactions.