Counties / Florida / Monroe County

Monroe County, FL

FIPS 12087 · population 81,860 · part of Key West, FL

$966k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$966k
▼ 0.8% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
Median asking rent
$3,320
▲ 2.8% year over year
Zillow ZORI · direct
Gross yield
4.1%
annual rent ÷ price, before costs
derived: rent × 12 ÷ price ✓
HUD 2-bed standard
$2,504
market rent is 1.33x the standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

The annual signals disagree
FHFA five-year cumulative+61.0%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06−0.8%FHFA HPI2025+2.1%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$781k
Surveyed gross rent$1,999
Rent burden 30%+64.5%
Median year built1982
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
37.3%vacant
54,834estimated housing units
Occupied tenure34.2% renter
owner 65.8%renter 34.2%
Structure mix65.0% single-family
Single-family 65.0%20+ units 8.6%Mobile home 8.3%Other 18.1%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs47,208▲ 0.3% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments4,945annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$1,197▲ 6.0% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorLeisure and hospitality44.7% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS+0.3%WEEKLY WAGE+6.0%Leisure and hospitality44.7%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Monroe County has high entry price versus modest pre-expense income return. Zillow’s county median home value is $966,261; measured median asking rent is $3,320 per month and stated gross yield is 4.12%. Buyers able to verify unit costs and rent should investigate; those relying on appreciation to offset carrying costs should be cautious. Zillow’s value measure fell 0.84% year over year, while the annual FHFA repeat-transaction HPI rose 2.11%. HPI is not a home value; its distinct method and vintage cannot be averaged with Zillow into one price trend.

02Housing economics

Housing economics require carrying-cost testing, not a HUD-rent proxy. The market-rent reading is distinct from HUD’s two-bedroom Fair Market Rent, a payment standard rather than an asking-rent estimate; it cannot be used to derive yield. Effective property tax is 0.53%, and median annual tax is $4,129. Tax consumes gross yield before insurance, repairs, financing, vacancy, or hazard costs. Insurance, operating costs, unit-type rents, vacancy, and property assessments are not published; this prevents net-yield, debt-service, and cash-flow conclusions.

03Demand & competition

Demand and competition look mixed. Realtor.com MLS data show 16.51% of listings had asking-price reductions while visible supply expanded; these are concession and active-listing signals, not closed-sale prices or demand proof. Net migration was negative by 411 tax-return households, yet inbound movers’ average AGI exceeded outbound movers’ by $67,385, a supplied calculation. Non-owner-occupant purchase mortgages represented 20.22% of 920 purchases: visible investor participation, but not evidence on cash buyers or investor holdings. QCEW lists leisure and hospitality as the largest disclosed private supersector; it records annual covered jobs at county workplaces, not resident employment or unemployment.

04Risk & next checks

Hurricane is the dominant hazard, with modeled climate loss of 0.47% of building value per year. This modeled ratio is not an insurance quote or property-specific loss. County evidence cannot establish a target home’s elevation, construction, coverage, deductibles, or exposure, so it cannot support asset-level loss estimates. QCEW wages and workplace jobs do not forecast housing demand. Next checks are insurance quotes and claims history, flood and wind exposure, lease and sale comparables by unit, and title, assessment, and financing terms.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Monroe County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Key West city25.7KKey Largo CDP13KMarathon city9.9KIslamorada, Village of Is…7.1KBig Pine Key CDP4.3KStock Island CDP4.2KBig Coppitt Key CDP3.1KCudjoe Key CDP2.5K
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

13 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Key West cityIncorporated place
    25,720
  2. 02
    Key Largo CDPCensus-designated place
    13,026
  3. 03
    Marathon cityIncorporated place
    9,914
  4. 04
    Islamorada, Village of Islands villageIncorporated place
    7,068
  5. 05
    Big Pine Key CDPCensus-designated place
    4,258
  6. 06
    Stock Island CDPCensus-designated place
    4,162
  7. 07
    Big Coppitt Key CDPCensus-designated place
    3,109
  8. 08
    Cudjoe Key CDPCensus-designated place
    2,492
  9. 09
    Tavernier CDPCensus-designated place
    2,413
  10. 10
    North Key Largo CDPCensus-designated place
    1,808
  11. 11
    Duck Key CDPCensus-designated place
    647
  12. 12
    Key Colony Beach cityIncorporated place
    511
Show 1 more places
  1. 13
    Layton cityIncorporated place
    118

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardhurricane

0.474% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax0.53%

$4,129 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration-411

3,303 in · 3,714 out

Arriving vs leaving income+$67,385

$171,960 arriving · $104,575 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors20.2%

186 of 920 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings1,331▲ 3.8% year over year
Median days on market103▼ 4.9% year over year
Listings price-reduced16.5%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▼ 7.7% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Property-specific hurricane, wind, flood, insurance, and deductible costs could overwhelm the gross-yield framing.
  2. County median asking rent may not be achievable for a target unit, location, or lease structure.
  3. MLS concessions and investor-mortgage participation may not translate into closed-sale liquidity or actual cash-buyer competition.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

May HUD Fair Market Rent be substituted for market rent to calculate gross yield?

No. The record identifies HUD Fair Market Rent as a payment standard, while gross yield is supplied from measured market asking rent.

Do Zillow and FHFA establish a single appreciation rate?

No. Zillow’s value measure fell 0.84% year over year while the annual FHFA repeat-transaction HPI rose 2.11%; their methods and vintages differ.

What investor participation is recorded?

Non-owner-occupant purchase mortgages represented 20.22% of 920 purchases.