Counties / Minnesota / Carlton County

Carlton County, MN

FIPS 27017 · population 36,518 · part of Duluth, MN

$302k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$302k
▲ 4.3% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
ACS median gross rent
$1,009
occupied-unit survey; not current asking rent
Census ACS · surveyed
Gross yield
n/a
gross yield cannot be computed without measured market rent
requires both measured price and measured rent
HUD 2-bed standard
$1,232
the Section 8 payment standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+61.3%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+4.3%FHFA HPI2025+12.7%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$245k
Surveyed gross rent$1,009
Rent burden 30%+46.6%
Median year built1975
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
11.4%vacant
15,896estimated housing units
Occupied tenure20.0% renter
owner 80.0%renter 20.0%
Structure mix82.6% single-family
Single-family 82.6%20+ units 4.8%Mobile home 6.0%Other 6.6%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs13,105▼ 1.2% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments790annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$1,148▲ 2.8% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorEducation and health services25.0% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS−1.2%WEEKLY WAGE+2.8%Education and health services25.0%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Carlton County’s decision tension is a still-rising value signal set against limited income underwriting evidence: purchasers who can validate rents and flood exposure should investigate, while yield-led buyers should be cautious. Zillow reports a $302,321 median home value and 4.25% year-over-year change in its county observation. FHFA’s annual repeat-transaction HPI instead rose 12.66% and 61.28% cumulatively over five years. These are differently dated methods—not a common growth interval or a dollar value—and point to price momentum that needs property-level confirmation rather than a blended appreciation assumption.

02Housing economics

No median asking market rent is published, so gross yield cannot be computed. HUD’s $1,232 two-bedroom FMR is a payment standard, not evidence of achievable asking rent, and must not fill that gap. The effective property-tax rate is 1.17%, with a $2,862 median annual tax, which makes taxes a concrete carrying-cost line but does not establish taxes on a particular purchase. Underwriting should obtain current asking and signed-lease rents, tax assessment, insurance, utilities, and maintenance estimates; without them, price-to-income and net-cash-flow conclusions remain unavailable.

03Demand & competition

Demand evidence is mixed rather than broad proof of absorption. Net migration was negative 14 tax-return households, even as movers entering had average AGI $11,694 above those leaving; that composition measure does not show household size, tenure, or housing demand. Investors accounted for 5.61% of purchases—24 of 428—so non-occupant mortgage participation is visible but limited in this record. QCEW reports 13,105 annual covered jobs at county workplaces, down 1.24% year over year; this is neither resident employment nor unemployment. Education and health services is the largest disclosed private supersector, not a description of the entire county economy.

04Risk & next checks

Risk limits require property-specific work. Inland flood is the dominant hazard, and modeled expected annual climate loss equals 0.14% of building value; it is not a dollar-loss estimate or a substitute for flood-zone, elevation, insurance, and claims review. Realtor.com listing-market figures are not published, preventing assessment of visible MLS supply, marketing time, and price reductions. Closed-sale comps, lease evidence, and property condition remain needed before an underwriting conclusion.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Carlton County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Cloquet city12.5KMoose Lake city2.9KEsko CDP1.8KScanlon city1.1KCarlton city875Barnum city503Mahtowa CDP428Cromwell city423
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

12 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Cloquet cityIncorporated place
    12,537
  2. 02
    Moose Lake cityIncorporated place
    2,863
  3. 03
    Esko CDPCensus-designated place
    1,813
  4. 04
    Scanlon cityIncorporated place
    1,146
  5. 05
    Carlton cityIncorporated place
    875
  6. 06
    Barnum cityIncorporated place
    503
  7. 07
    Mahtowa CDPCensus-designated place
    428
  8. 08
    Cromwell cityIncorporated place
    423
  9. 09
    Wrenshall cityIncorporated place
    404
  10. 10
    Big Lake CDPCensus-designated place
    378
  11. 11
    Kettle River cityIncorporated place
    140
  12. 12
    Wright cityIncorporated place
    96

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.143% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax1.17%

$2,862 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration-14

845 in · 859 out

Arriving vs leaving income+$11,694

$62,766 arriving · $51,072 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors5.6%

24 of 428 mortgages

investorother financed
No rent index is published for this county.Zillow’s county rent series does not cover every county, and estimating one from a neighbouring county would be a guess wearing a number’s clothes. Everything above is measured here; for a rent figure, the Duluth, MN page covers the wider market.
Same metro

The other counties in Duluth, MN

A metro is an average of these. Which side of a county line a property sits on can change the tax bill, the hazard profile and the tenant pool.

CountyPopulationPriceRentYieldHazard
Carlton County36,518$302kn/an/ainland flooding
St. Louis County200,123$262k$1,3726.3%inland flooding
Douglas County44,229$262k$1,2485.7%inland flooding
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Unpublished market rent and operating costs could reveal insufficient income coverage.
  2. County-level appreciation measures may not represent the target property’s submarket or condition.
  3. Property-specific flood exposure and insurance costs may differ materially from the county climate model.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Does the record publish a market-rent estimate suitable for gross-yield calculation?

No. Market rent is not published, and HUD FMR cannot be used as a market-rent substitute.

What hazard is identified for the county?

Inland flood is the identified dominant hazard.

What does the supplied QCEW employment measure represent?

It represents annual average covered jobs located at workplaces in the county, not resident employment or unemployment.