Counties / South Carolina / Richland County

Richland County, SC

FIPS 45079 · population 422,117 · part of Columbia, SC

$248k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$248k
▲ 1.4% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
Median asking rent
$1,502
▲ 1.4% year over year
Zillow ZORI · direct
Gross yield
7.3%
annual rent ÷ price, before costs
derived: rent × 12 ÷ price ✓
HUD 2-bed standard
$1,276
market rent is 1.18x the standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+54.1%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+1.4%FHFA HPI2025+3.1%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$243k
Surveyed gross rent$1,228
Rent burden 30%+58.5%
Median year built1989
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
10.5%vacant
187,611estimated housing units
Occupied tenure39.7% renter
owner 60.3%renter 39.7%
Structure mix67.4% single-family
Single-family 67.4%20+ units 9.6%Mobile home 4.5%Other 18.5%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs228,984▲ 0.5% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments12,742annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$1,253▲ 3.8% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorEducation and health services19.1% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS+0.5%WEEKLY WAGE+3.8%Education and health services19.1%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Richland County presents an income-versus-liquidity tension: measured market rent supports a published gross yield, while visible MLS conditions require conservative exit work. Income-focused underwriters should investigate property-level cash flow; appreciation-dependent underwriting warrants caution. Zillow county data for 2026-06 show a $247,539 median home value and $1,502 monthly median asking rent, supporting the published 7.28% gross yield before costs. County medians do not establish the rent, condition, financing, or sale outcome of a specific asset.

02Housing economics

The measured rent is market asking rent. HUD’s $1,276 two-bedroom Fair Market Rent is a payment standard, not an estimate of asking rent, although it is below the measured market rent. The 0.67% effective property-tax rate is a carrying cost against gross yield. Zillow’s county value measure rose 1.37%, while FHFA’s repeat-transaction HPI rose 3.07% in annual 2025. These are different vintages and methods: the HPI is an appreciation index, not a dollar home value, and their changes cannot be averaged.

03Demand & competition

Realtor.com’s 2026-06 MLS listing-market evidence has lower median listing price year over year, more active listings, longer median days on market, and a material price-reduced share. Median listing price is an asking price; active listings are visible supply; days on market measure marketing time; and reductions signal seller concessions. None is a closed-sale price or proof of buyer demand alone. QCEW’s 2025 record describes annual covered employment at county workplaces and covered-worker wages; Education and health services is the largest disclosed private supersector by employment, not the whole economy or a resident-employment or unemployment measure.

04Risk & next checks

Inland flood is the dominant hazard, and modeled climate loss equals 0.12% of building value per year; it is a modeled county-level expectation, not a property loss estimate. Tax-return flows show net migration of 188, but inbound movers’ average income is $818 lower than outbound movers’, so migration alone does not establish demand quality. Investors account for 7.47% of 5,786 purchases, indicating participation rather than a measure of all buyers or housing stock. Missing submarket closed sales, property-level flood and insurance terms, vacancy, operating expenses, and lease data prevent underwriting net yield, liquidity, and hazard-adjusted cash flow.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Richland County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Columbia city*139.6KSt. Andrews CDP19.9KWest Columbia city*18KDentsville CDP15.2KCayce city*13.7KIrmo town*11.8KForest Acres city10.5KWoodfield CDP9.5K
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

17 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Columbia cityIncorporated place · spans 2 counties
    139,643
  2. 02
    St. Andrews CDPCensus-designated place
    19,868
  3. 03
    West Columbia cityIncorporated place · spans 2 counties
    17,963
  4. 04
    Dentsville CDPCensus-designated place
    15,209
  5. 05
    Cayce cityIncorporated place · spans 2 counties
    13,741
  6. 06
    Irmo townIncorporated place · spans 2 counties
    11,813
  7. 07
    Forest Acres cityIncorporated place
    10,530
  8. 08
    Woodfield CDPCensus-designated place
    9,465
  9. 09
    Lake Murray of Richland CDPCensus-designated place
    7,023
  10. 10
    Blythewood townIncorporated place · spans 2 counties
    5,731
  11. 11
    Capitol View CDPCensus-designated place
    4,374
  12. 12
    Arthurtown CDPCensus-designated place
    3,272
Show 5 more places
  1. 13
    Hopkins CDPCensus-designated place
    1,985
  2. 14
    Gadsden CDPCensus-designated place
    1,443
  3. 15
    Olympia CDPCensus-designated place
    935
  4. 16
    Arcadia Lakes townIncorporated place
    901
  5. 17
    Eastover townIncorporated place
    485

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.124% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax0.67%

$1,637 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration+188

13,638 in · 13,450 out

Arriving vs leaving income−$818

$57,511 arriving · $58,329 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors7.5%

432 of 5,786 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings1,511▲ 21.8% year over year
Median days on market41▲ 10.8% year over year
Listings price-reduced21.1%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▼ 3.4% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

Same metro

The other counties in Columbia, SC

A metro is an average of these. Which side of a county line a property sits on can change the tax bill, the hazard profile and the tenant pool.

CountyPopulationPriceRentYieldHazard
Richland County422,117$248k$1,5027.3%inland flooding
Lexington County304,887$276k$1,6797.3%inland flooding
Kershaw County68,314$261k$1,7758.2%inland flooding
Fairfield County20,550$194k$2,05612.7%inland flooding
Saluda County19,131$211kn/an/ainland flooding
Calhoun County14,182$207kn/an/ainland flooding
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Property-level flood exposure, insurance terms, and repair costs are not published, so county climate modeling may not represent the asset.
  2. Vacancy, operating expenses, and lease terms are not published, so gross yield may not translate into net cash flow.
  3. MLS indicators are listing-market evidence and submarket closed-sale comparables are absent, so resale liquidity and pricing may differ from county signals.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Is HUD Fair Market Rent an estimate of market asking rent?

No. It is a two-bedroom payment standard, while the record separately publishes market asking rent.

What is the dominant hazard identified for the county?

Inland flood.

What is the largest disclosed private supersector by employment?

Education and health services.