Counties / Montana / Yellowstone County

Yellowstone County, MT

FIPS 30111 · population 168,957 · part of Billings, MT

$403k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$403k
▲ 2.1% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
Median asking rent
$1,444
▲ 3.5% year over year
Zillow ZORI · direct
Gross yield
4.3%
annual rent ÷ price, before costs
derived: rent × 12 ÷ price ✓
HUD 2-bed standard
$1,417
market rent is 1.02x the standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+47.7%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+2.1%FHFA HPI2025+1.2%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$350k
Surveyed gross rent$1,131
Rent burden 30%+46.8%
Median year built1982
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
5.9%vacant
74,239estimated housing units
Occupied tenure30.4% renter
owner 69.6%renter 30.4%
Structure mix70.9% single-family
Single-family 70.9%20+ units 5.1%Mobile home 9.8%Other 14.1%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs87,385▲ 0.0% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments7,545annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$1,251▲ 3.7% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorTrade, transportation, and utilities25.9% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS+0.0%WEEKLY WAGE+3.7%Trade, transportation, and utilities25.9%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Yellowstone County presents a price-to-rent and carrying-cost tension: Zillow’s 2026-06 median home value of $403,226 against measured median asking rent of $1,444 per month produces the supplied 4.30% gross yield before costs. Zillow value growth was 2.09% year over year. This is a county for investors who can verify property-level expenses and tenant demand; those requiring a demonstrated net return should remain cautious because the visible gross spread is modest.

02Housing economics

The rent is measured market asking rent, not HUD policy data. HUD’s two-bedroom FMR is $1,417, a payment standard rather than an asking-rent estimate, so it cannot substitute for market rent or generate yield. The effective property-tax rate is 0.81%, providing a county-level carrying-cost reference for a gross—not net—yield. The supplied record has no insurance, maintenance, vacancy, financing, or operating-expense data.

03Demand & competition

Realtor.com’s separate MLS listing snapshot shows lower median asking prices, fewer active listings, longer marketing time, and seller price reductions, alongside a 54.58% pending-to-active ratio. These are listing-market measures: asking prices, visible supply, marketing duration, and seller concessions—not closed-sale prices or standalone buyer-demand proof. QCEW’s 2025 annual series indicates nearly unchanged covered workplace employment but higher covered-worker wages; Trade, transportation, and utilities is the largest disclosed private supersector, not the whole economy. Tax-return movers netted 306 households, although entrants’ average AGI was $810 lower than leavers’; that weakens a simple affluent-inflow reading. Nonoccupant mortgages numbered 188 of 2,102 purchases, confirming participation but not competition for a particular asset.

04Risk & next checks

Inland flood is the dominant hazard, and the modeled annual building-value loss ratio is 0.10%; it identifies exposure rather than a site-specific insurance bill. FHFA’s annual 2025 repeat-transaction HPI rose 1.18%, directionally consistent with Zillow’s positive change but neither a home value nor a rate to average with Zillow because method and observation vintage differ. Missing unit-level flood mapping and insurance quotes, lease and turnover histories, financing terms, and submarket closed-sale comparables prevent a net-cash-flow, resilience-cost, or acquisition-value conclusion.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Yellowstone County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Billings city119.4KLaurel city7.2KLockwood CDP7.2KHuntley CDP455Worden CDP416Shepherd CDP353Ballantine CDP262Custer CDP199
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

13 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Billings cityIncorporated place
    119,434
  2. 02
    Laurel cityIncorporated place
    7,215
  3. 03
    Lockwood CDPCensus-designated place
    7,181
  4. 04
    Huntley CDPCensus-designated place
    455
  5. 05
    Worden CDPCensus-designated place
    416
  6. 06
    Shepherd CDPCensus-designated place
    353
  7. 07
    Ballantine CDPCensus-designated place
    262
  8. 08
    Custer CDPCensus-designated place
    199
  9. 09
    Broadview townIncorporated place
    175
  10. 10
    Acton CDPCensus-designated place
    87
  11. 11
    Nibbe CDPCensus-designated place
    62
  12. 12
    Mountain View Colony CDPCensus-designated place
    55
Show 1 more places
  1. 13
    Pompeys Pillar CDPCensus-designated place
    27

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.099% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax0.81%

$2,832 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration+306

4,049 in · 3,743 out

Arriving vs leaving income−$810

$64,985 arriving · $65,795 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors8.9%

188 of 2,102 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings579▼ 3.7% year over year
Median days on market43▲ 3.0% year over year
Listings price-reduced15.1%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▼ 2.4% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

Same metro

The other counties in Billings, MT

A metro is an average of these. Which side of a county line a property sits on can change the tax bill, the hazard profile and the tenant pool.

CountyPopulationPriceRentYieldHazard
Yellowstone County168,957$403k$1,4444.3%inland flooding
Carbon County11,116$523kn/an/ainland flooding
Stillwater County9,182$505kn/an/ainland flooding
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Property-level insurance, repairs, vacancy, financing, and operating costs could reduce the reported gross yield.
  2. County migration and aggregate mortgage evidence may not represent a target submarket or tenant base.
  3. Inland-flood exposure can vary materially by parcel, and modeled loss is not an insurance quote.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Can HUD FMR be used as the county’s market rent?

No. The record identifies FMR as a two-bedroom payment standard, while measured market asking rent is separately published.

What does Realtor.com establish about transaction pricing?

It provides MLS listing-market evidence only and does not report a closed-sale price.

Does the record support a net cash-flow conclusion?

No. Insurance, operating expenses, vacancy, financing, and unit-level property information are not published.