Counties / Massachusetts / Middlesex County

Middlesex County, MA

FIPS 25017 · population 1,638,365 · part of Boston, MA

$833k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$833k
▲ 1.2% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
Median asking rent
$3,260
▲ 2.3% year over year
Zillow ZORI · direct
Gross yield
4.7%
annual rent ÷ price, before costs
derived: rent × 12 ÷ price ✓
HUD 2-bed standard
$2,941
market rent is 1.11x the standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+45.6%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+1.2%FHFA HPI2025+3.6%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$728k
Surveyed gross rent$2,201
Rent burden 30%+47.1%
Median year built1962
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
4.5%vacant
664,267estimated housing units
Occupied tenure38.7% renter
owner 61.3%renter 38.7%
Structure mix53.4% single-family
Single-family 53.4%20+ units 15.7%Mobile home 0.4%Other 30.5%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs903,254▼ 2.5% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments59,705annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$2,277▲ 4.1% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorProfessional and business services27.9% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS−2.5%WEEKLY WAGE+4.1%Professional and business services27.9%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Middlesex County presents high entry value against modest pre-cost income: its $833,018 median home value and $3,260 monthly median asking rent produce the supplied 4.70% gross yield. Cash-flow-focused investors should investigate expenses and unit economics; appreciation-focused buyers should be cautious because rent leaves limited room for unmeasured costs. This is county evidence, not a property valuation or Boston-metro proxy.

02Housing economics

Zillow’s county observation provides value and published asking-rent measures. HUD’s $2,941 two-bedroom FMR is a payment standard, not a market-rent estimate, and must not replace asking rent in yield work. The 1.03% effective tax rate and $7,501 median tax make carrying costs a central diligence item, although insurance, maintenance, association-fee, and financing data are not published. FHFA’s distinct 2025 annual repeat-transaction HPI rose 3.56%. It supports positive price direction but is not a dollar home value and cannot be merged with Zillow into a single appreciation rate.

03Demand & competition

Realtor.com’s MLS snapshot shows 2,465 active listings, 15.08% more than a year earlier, while 14.84% of listings had price reductions. That combination signals more visible supply and concessions, but listings are asking-market evidence rather than closed-sale prices or standalone proof of buyer demand. Annual QCEW reports fewer covered jobs at county workplaces but higher covered-worker wages; it is neither resident employment nor a forecast. Tax-return migration records a net loss of 4,549 households, and departing movers reported higher average income than arrivals. Investor buyers accounted for 1,385 of 13,250 purchases, or 10.45%, a meaningful competitive segment but not evidence that investors set all prices.

04Risk & next checks

Risk is concentrated in what county averages cannot resolve. Inland flood is the dominant hazard, and modeled climate loss equals 0.09% of building value per year; it is a modeled ratio, not a property-specific damage estimate. The central gaps are flood-zone and insurance quotes, building condition and operating statements, unit-level rents and vacancy, debt terms, and closed-sale comparables. Without them, an underwriter cannot determine net yield, debt coverage, replacement exposure, or whether MLS concessions translate into achieved prices. Verify property tax assessment and appeal status as well.

Cities & communities

Where people live within Middlesex County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Cambridge city118.8KLowell city118.4KNewton city89KSomerville city81KFramingham city72.4KMalden city65.9KWaltham city64.9KMedford city59.4K
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

37 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Cambridge cityIncorporated place
    118,796
  2. 02
    Lowell cityIncorporated place
    118,368
  3. 03
    Newton cityIncorporated place
    89,044
  4. 04
    Somerville cityIncorporated place
    81,036
  5. 05
    Framingham cityIncorporated place
    72,399
  6. 06
    Malden cityIncorporated place
    65,906
  7. 07
    Waltham cityIncorporated place
    64,902
  8. 08
    Medford cityIncorporated place
    59,354
  9. 09
    Everett cityIncorporated place
    50,045
  10. 10
    Arlington CDPCensus-designated place
    46,350
  11. 11
    Woburn cityIncorporated place
    41,939
  12. 12
    Marlborough cityIncorporated place
    41,647
Show 25 more places
  1. 13
    Watertown cityIncorporated place
    35,543
  2. 14
    Lexington CDPCensus-designated place
    34,295
  3. 15
    Melrose cityIncorporated place
    29,650
  4. 16
    Wakefield CDPCensus-designated place
    27,793
  5. 17
    Belmont CDPCensus-designated place
    27,175
  6. 18
    Burlington CDPCensus-designated place
    26,274
  7. 19
    Reading CDPCensus-designated place
    25,612
  8. 20
    Winchester CDPCensus-designated place
    23,406
  9. 21
    Stoneham CDPCensus-designated place
    23,355
  10. 22
    Wilmington CDPCensus-designated place
    23,336
  11. 23
    Hudson CDPCensus-designated place
    15,719
  12. 24
    Maynard CDPCensus-designated place
    10,712
  13. 25
    Pinehurst CDPCensus-designated place
    6,845
  14. 26
    Cochituate CDPCensus-designated place
    6,471
  15. 27
    West Concord CDPCensus-designated place
    5,876
  16. 28
    Hopkinton CDPCensus-designated place
    3,426
  17. 29
    Littleton Common CDPCensus-designated place
    3,289
  18. 30
    Ayer CDPCensus-designated place
    3,098
  19. 31
    Hanscom AFB CDPCensus-designated place
    2,110
  20. 32
    Pepperell CDPCensus-designated place
    1,971
  21. 33
    East Pepperell CDPCensus-designated place
    1,949
  22. 34
    Devens CDPCensus-designated place · spans 2 counties
    1,723
  23. 35
    Groton CDPCensus-designated place
    1,232
  24. 36
    Shirley CDPCensus-designated place
    1,146
  25. 37
    Townsend CDPCensus-designated place
    987

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.094% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax1.03%

$7,501 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration-4,549

46,508 in · 51,057 out

Arriving vs leaving income−$19,472

$106,409 arriving · $125,881 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors10.4%

1,385 of 13,250 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings2,465▲ 15.1% year over year
Median days on market35▲ 36.6% year over year
Listings price-reduced14.8%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▼ 6.3% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

Same metro

The other counties in Boston, MA

A metro is an average of these. Which side of a county line a property sits on can change the tax bill, the hazard profile and the tenant pool.

CountyPopulationPriceRentYieldHazard
Middlesex County1,638,365$833k$3,2604.7%inland flooding
Essex County813,054$737k$2,6324.3%inland flooding
Suffolk County785,121$763k$3,4235.4%inland flooding
Norfolk County730,082$786k$2,9704.5%inland flooding
Plymouth County535,075$662k$2,7545.0%inland flooding
Rockingham County319,082$637k$2,5634.8%inland flooding
Strafford County132,575$519k$2,1645.0%inland flooding
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Property-level flood exposure and insurance cost can depart substantially from the county modeled loss ratio.
  2. Unpublished operating costs, vacancy, and financing terms could materially alter the pre-cost yield.
  3. County trends can mask local rent, tax assessment, and resale-liquidity conditions.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Can HUD FMR be used as the county’s market asking rent?

No. The $2,941 two-bedroom FMR is a payment standard; the published market measure is the $3,260 monthly median asking rent.

What does the annual QCEW evidence measure?

It measures covered employment at workplaces in the county. It shows fewer covered jobs and higher covered-worker wages, not resident employment or a forecast.

How large was investor purchase participation?

Investor buyers made 1,385 of 13,250 purchases, representing 10.45% of total purchases.