Counties / Massachusetts / Middlesex County

Middlesex County, MA

FIPS 25017 · population 1,638,365 · part of Boston, MA

$833k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
Direct county rent answer

What does rent cost in Middlesex County, MA?

The latest county-level Zillow ZORI is $3,260 per month in 2026-06. It is a typical asking-rent index across rental types—not an arithmetic average, signed lease or quote for one property.

County Zillow ZORI$3,2602026-06 · up 2.3% year over year
County ACS gross rent$2,201ACS 2024 5-year · occupied-renter survey
HUD two-bedroom FMR$2,941FY2026 · administrative standard
HUD Fair Market Rent by bedroom count in Middlesex County
BedroomsHUD monthly FMRGeographyMeasurement boundary
Studio$2,359Middlesex County, MAHUD administrative benchmark; compare with same-bedroom listings, never treat it as observed asking rent.
1 bedroom$2,476Middlesex County, MAHUD administrative benchmark; compare with same-bedroom listings, never treat it as observed asking rent.
2 bedrooms$2,941Middlesex County, MAHUD administrative benchmark; compare with same-bedroom listings, never treat it as observed asking rent.
3 bedrooms$3,526Middlesex County, MAHUD administrative benchmark; compare with same-bedroom listings, never treat it as observed asking rent.
4 bedrooms$3,894Middlesex County, MAHUD administrative benchmark; compare with same-bedroom listings, never treat it as observed asking rent.

Zillow asking rent, ACS gross rent and HUD FMR describe different housing universes. They remain separate and no metro, city or neighboring-county value replaces missing county evidence.Zillow pulled 2026-07-26 · HUD pulled 2026-07-26

The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$833k
▲ 1.2% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
Median asking rent
$3,260
▲ 2.3% year over year
Zillow ZORI · direct
Gross yield
4.7%
annual rent ÷ price, before costs
derived: rent × 12 ÷ price ✓
HUD 2-bed standard
$2,941
market rent is 1.11x the standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

Both annual signals move in the same direction
FHFA five-year cumulative+45.6%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06+1.2%FHFA HPI2025+3.6%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-08-02.
Owner-reported value$728k
Surveyed gross rent$2,201
Rent burden 30%+47.1%
Median year built1962
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
4.5%vacant
664,267estimated housing units
Occupied tenure38.7% renter
owner 61.3%renter 38.7%
Structure mix53.4% single-family
Single-family 53.4%20+ units 15.7%Mobile home 0.4%Other 30.5%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs903,254▼ 2.5% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments59,705annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$2,277▲ 4.1% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorProfessional and business services27.9% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS−2.5%WEEKLY WAGE+4.1%Professional and business services27.9%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2021-2025; latest 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-08-02. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

Resident income

How local income has compounded

BEA per-capita personal income divides all personal income by the county population. It is broader than wages, but it is not household income or a measure of what renters can afford.

Per-capita personal income19692024
Per-capita personal income history for Middlesex CountyA line chart of annual BEA per-capita personal income from 1969 through 2024.$0k$60k$120k196919972024$5k$112k
Nominal annual dollars; not adjusted for inflation. A rising line can reflect wage, business-income, transfer-income and investment-income changes together.
Renter affordability

Who carries the heaviest rent burden

HUD CHAS separates renter households by income relative to local HAMFI. Moderate burden means housing costs above 30% through 50% of income; severe burden means more than 50%.

Share of renter households in each income band2018-2022
Renter cost burden by HAMFI income band in Middlesex CountyFive horizontal bars show moderate and severe housing cost burden shares among renter households in each HUD income band.0%25%50%75%100%At or below 30% HAMFI59,54071.2% burdened30–50% HAMFI34,09076.9% burdened50–80% HAMFI39,78553.2% burdened80–100% HAMFI23,95528.2% burdenedAbove 100% HAMFI85,0955.0% burdened
Moderate: >30% to 50%Severe: >50%
Each percentage uses HUD’s published subtotal for that income band. For disclosure, HUD keeps 0 as 0, publishes 1–7 households as 4 and rounds 8 or more to the nearest 5. Independently rounded categories can differ from their displayed sum and are not forced into a percentage.
Direct local rental evidence

Recent leases and rental-market liquidity in Middlesex County, MA

These Apartment List observations match the exact county Census code 25017. They are kept separate from Zillow asking rent, Census occupied-home rent and wider metro measures.

Direct recent-lease rent history

Monthly overall-rent index; missing observations are not filled from another geography.

$2,416$2,251$2,0862021-082026-07
Recent-lease rent$2,4152026-07 · -0.0% year over year
Rental vacancy6.7%2026-07 · +1.4 percentage points year over year
Time on market28 days2026-07 · +2.5 days year over year
County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

Middlesex County presents high entry value against modest pre-cost income: its $833,018 median home value and $3,260 monthly median asking rent produce the supplied 4.70% gross yield. Cash-flow-focused investors should investigate expenses and unit economics; appreciation-focused buyers should be cautious because rent leaves limited room for unmeasured costs. This is county evidence, not a property valuation or Boston-metro proxy.

02Housing economics

Zillow’s county observation provides value and published asking-rent measures. HUD’s $2,941 two-bedroom FMR is a payment standard, not a market-rent estimate, and must not replace asking rent in yield work. The 1.03% effective tax rate and $7,501 median tax make carrying costs a central diligence item, although insurance, maintenance, association-fee, and financing data are not published. FHFA’s distinct 2025 annual repeat-transaction HPI rose 3.56%. It supports positive price direction but is not a dollar home value and cannot be merged with Zillow into a single appreciation rate.

03Demand & competition

Realtor.com’s MLS snapshot shows 2,465 active listings, 15.08% more than a year earlier, while 14.84% of listings had price reductions. That combination signals more visible supply and concessions, but listings are asking-market evidence rather than closed-sale prices or standalone proof of buyer demand. Annual QCEW reports fewer covered jobs at county workplaces but higher covered-worker wages; it is neither resident employment nor a forecast. Tax-return migration records a net loss of 4,549 households, and departing movers reported higher average income than arrivals. Investor buyers accounted for 1,385 of 13,250 purchases, or 10.45%, a meaningful competitive segment but not evidence that investors set all prices.

04Risk & next checks

Risk is concentrated in what county averages cannot resolve. Inland flood is the dominant hazard, and modeled climate loss equals 0.09% of building value per year; it is a modeled ratio, not a property-specific damage estimate. The central gaps are flood-zone and insurance quotes, building condition and operating statements, unit-level rents and vacancy, debt terms, and closed-sale comparables. Without them, an underwriter cannot determine net yield, debt coverage, replacement exposure, or whether MLS concessions translate into achieved prices. Verify property tax assessment and appeal status as well.

County ZIP rental landscape

How asking rent and renter pressure vary inside Middlesex County, MA

This view uses 12 direct Zillow ZIP markets matched to Census ZCTAs. Each ZIP is assigned by its largest HUD residential county share; this is not an exhaustive county inventory.

Selected ZIP range$2,272$3,818Zillow asking-rent index
Monthly spread$1,546highest minus lowest selected ZIP
Observed burden range35.3%57.5%ACS renter households paying 30%+
Renter households covered113,683across the selected ZCTAs
01 · ASKING RENT LADDERDirect ZIP ZORI
Horizontal bars compare Zillow asking-rent indexes across the selected direct-evidence ZIP set.02139$3,81802143$3,49002145$3,48902155$3,38002138$3,33602472$3,12102149$2,81802148$2,80301801$2,78301752$2,66801702$2,33401852$2,272
02 · PRESSURE MATRIXRent × observed burden
Each point is one selected ZIP and ZCTA match. Horizontal position is Zillow asking rent and vertical position is the ACS renter cost-burden share.60.0%53.2%46.4%39.6%32.8%021480215502149021390170202472021430185202138021450175201801Zillow asking-rent index →ACS burden share →
03 · BENCHMARK GAPZORI vs HUD 2BR
Bars show the percentage difference between the Zillow blended asking-rent index and the local HUD two-bedroom standard. Their housing universes differ.02139+165.2%02143+151.0%02145+151.0%02155+146.3%02138+144.4%02472+135.0%02149+121.9%02148+121.3%01801+120.4%01752+115.4%01702+101.0%01852+98.3%
WHAT THE LOCAL DISTRIBUTION SAYS

The selected direct-evidence set shows a broad current asking-rent band rather than a single local level. Zillow's 2026-06 ZORI, a typical observed asking-rent index, ranges from $2,272 to $3,818 per month—a $1,546 spread—across the displayed matches. ZIP 01852 anchors the low endpoint and ZIP 02139 the high endpoint; county-level Zillow ZORI is $3,260. The practical question is therefore which observed asking-rent tier can be verified for a specific available unit, bedroom configuration, and lease, rather than whether a ZIP figure prices every property. The displayed ZIP/ZCTA matches account for 113,683 renter households, furnishing meaningful direct evidence while not defining a complete county inventory.

These measures should be compared as separate evidence, not merged into one rent statistic. The ACS 2024 five-year ZCTA median gross-rent estimates span $1,581 to $2,772 in the displayed set; they are survey estimates and median gross rent differs conceptually from an asking-rent index. HUD's FY2026 two-bedroom FMR is $2,311 for every displayed match. That is an administrative, bedroom-specific standard, not an observed asking rent. As a benchmark only, the Zillow index stands at 98.3% to 165.2% of that standard at the low and high observed endpoints. The range is useful for separating a unit-market search from program or screening thresholds, but it does not make the measures interchangeable.

ACS affordability and vacancy indicators introduce a different trade-off, but neither establishes cause or predicts availability. The share of renter households spending at least 30% of income on gross rent ranges from 35.3% to 57.5%. The highest-burden observation has a $2,668 Zillow index and a 3.4% vacancy rate, whereas the lowest-burden observation has $3,490 and 5.9% vacancy. Across all shown matches, survey vacancy reaches 11.7% at the high-vacancy observation, yet its $3,336 ZORI and 48.2% burden share caution against treating vacancy as a simple price signal. Using that same share as a gross-income screen, the selected asking-rent indices imply annual incomes from $90,880 to $152,720, a screening calculation rather than a finding about any particular household.

Geographic and coverage constraints are material. Census reports the ACS values for ZCTAs, which are statistical areas rather than USPS delivery ZIPs. A displayed ZIP was assigned to Middlesex County when it had the largest HUD residential-address share, but ZIPs can cross county lines. The direct-evidence selection is explicitly not exhaustive, so it should not be read as a countywide inventory. For any property decision, verify the street address and county assignment, current asking rent, bedroom count, utilities included, availability, and lease terms; then use the relevant HUD bedroom-specific standard only for its administrative purpose.

Selected ZIP evidence

Keep each source universe visible

52 ZIP profiles passed the county gate; the 12 with the most renter households are shown.

ZIP / ZCTAZillow asking rentACS gross rentHUD 2BRBurden 30%+VacancyIncome screenHUD county share
02148$2,803$2,204$2,31148.6%6.6%$112k99.5%
02155$3,380$2,513$2,31138.6%4.9%$135k100.0%
02149$2,818$2,076$2,31152.4%7.2%$113k96.6%
02139$3,818$2,691$2,31142.5%6.0%$153k100.0%
01702$2,334$2,019$2,31152.3%5.1%$93k100.0%
02472$3,121$2,498$2,31141.2%4.8%$125k100.0%
02143$3,490$2,475$2,31135.3%5.9%$140k100.0%
01852$2,272$1,581$2,31148.8%3.6%$91k100.0%
02138$3,336$2,772$2,31148.2%11.7%$133k100.0%
02145$3,489$2,398$2,31136.2%4.8%$140k100.0%
01752$2,668$1,871$2,31157.5%3.4%$107k100.0%
01801$2,783$2,221$2,31152.5%3.6%$111k100.0%
READ BEFORE USING

ACS ZCTA estimates are statistical-area, five-year survey estimates rather than USPS delivery ZIP measurements. The displayed ZIPs are assigned by their largest HUD residential-address county share, so cross-county addresses and ZCTA/ZIP boundary differences limit geographic precision.

Only the selected eligible direct-ZORI matches appear here; the packet explicitly says the selection is not exhaustive. Zillow ZORI, ACS median gross rent and burden/vacancy measures, and HUD FMR use different concepts and periods, so comparisons are contextual rather than interchangeable property valuations.

SOURCE LEDGERCensus ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stockACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30Census ACS five-year — ZCTA housing and incomeACS 2024 5-year ZCTA · pulled 2026-08-08HUD Fair Market Rents — Section 8 standardFY2026 FMR · pulled 2026-07-26HUD-USPS ZIP-to-county residential-address crosswalkHUD-USPS 2026Q1 · pulled 2026-08-09Zillow ZHVI and ZORI — county values and rentscounty ZHVI/ZORI 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-26Zillow ZORI — ZIP market rentsZORI ZIP 2026-06 · pulled 2026-08-08
Cities & communities

Where people live within Middlesex County

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Cambridge city118.8KLowell city118.4KNewton city89KSomerville city81KFramingham city72.4KMalden city65.9KWaltham city64.9KMedford city59.4K
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

37 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Cambridge cityIncorporated place
    118,796
  2. 02
    Lowell cityIncorporated place
    118,368
  3. 03
    Newton cityIncorporated place
    89,044
  4. 04
    Somerville cityIncorporated place
    81,036
  5. 05
    Framingham cityIncorporated place
    72,399
  6. 06
    Malden cityIncorporated place
    65,906
  7. 07
    Waltham cityIncorporated place
    64,902
  8. 08
    Medford cityIncorporated place
    59,354
  9. 09
    Everett cityIncorporated place
    50,045
  10. 10
    Arlington CDPCensus-designated place
    46,350
  11. 11
    Woburn cityIncorporated place
    41,939
  12. 12
    Marlborough cityIncorporated place
    41,647
Show 25 more places
  1. 13
    Watertown cityIncorporated place
    35,543
  2. 14
    Lexington CDPCensus-designated place
    34,295
  3. 15
    Melrose cityIncorporated place
    29,650
  4. 16
    Wakefield CDPCensus-designated place
    27,793
  5. 17
    Belmont CDPCensus-designated place
    27,175
  6. 18
    Burlington CDPCensus-designated place
    26,274
  7. 19
    Reading CDPCensus-designated place
    25,612
  8. 20
    Winchester CDPCensus-designated place
    23,406
  9. 21
    Stoneham CDPCensus-designated place
    23,355
  10. 22
    Wilmington CDPCensus-designated place
    23,336
  11. 23
    Hudson CDPCensus-designated place
    15,719
  12. 24
    Maynard CDPCensus-designated place
    10,712
  13. 25
    Pinehurst CDPCensus-designated place
    6,845
  14. 26
    Cochituate CDPCensus-designated place
    6,471
  15. 27
    West Concord CDPCensus-designated place
    5,876
  16. 28
    Hopkinton CDPCensus-designated place
    3,426
  17. 29
    Littleton Common CDPCensus-designated place
    3,289
  18. 30
    Ayer CDPCensus-designated place
    3,098
  19. 31
    Hanscom AFB CDPCensus-designated place
    2,110
  20. 32
    Pepperell CDPCensus-designated place
    1,971
  21. 33
    East Pepperell CDPCensus-designated place
    1,949
  22. 34
    Devens CDPCensus-designated place · spans 2 counties
    1,723
  23. 35
    Groton CDPCensus-designated place
    1,232
  24. 36
    Shirley CDPCensus-designated place
    1,146
  25. 37
    Townsend CDPCensus-designated place
    987

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.094% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax1.03%

$7,501 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration-4,549

46,508 in · 51,057 out

Arriving vs leaving income−$19,472

$106,409 arriving · $125,881 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors10.4%

1,385 of 13,250 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings2,465▲ 15.1% year over year
Median days on market35▲ 36.6% year over year
Listings price-reduced14.8%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▼ 6.3% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

Same metro

The other counties in Boston, MA

A metro is an average of these. Which side of a county line a property sits on can change the tax bill, the hazard profile and the tenant pool.

CountyPopulationPriceRentYieldHazard
Middlesex County1,638,365$833k$3,2604.7%inland flooding
Essex County813,054$737k$2,6324.3%inland flooding
Suffolk County785,121$763k$3,4235.4%inland flooding
Norfolk County730,082$786k$2,9704.5%inland flooding
Plymouth County535,075$662k$2,7545.0%inland flooding
Rockingham County319,082$637k$2,5634.8%inland flooding
Strafford County132,575$519k$2,1645.0%inland flooding
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Property-level flood exposure and insurance cost can depart substantially from the county modeled loss ratio.
  2. Unpublished operating costs, vacancy, and financing terms could materially alter the pre-cost yield.
  3. County trends can mask local rent, tax assessment, and resale-liquidity conditions.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

Can HUD FMR be used as the county’s market asking rent?

No. The $2,941 two-bedroom FMR is a payment standard; the published market measure is the $3,260 monthly median asking rent.

What does the annual QCEW evidence measure?

It measures covered employment at workplaces in the county. It shows fewer covered jobs and higher covered-worker wages, not resident employment or a forecast.

How large was investor purchase participation?

Investor buyers made 1,385 of 13,250 purchases, representing 10.45% of total purchases.