Counties / District of Columbia / District of Columbia

District of Columbia, DC

FIPS 11001 · population 681,294 · part of Washington, DC

$579k
Zillow home value · 2026-06
The numbers

What this county costs and earns

Everything here joins on the county FIPS code, so each figure comes from the agency that publishes it with no name matching in between.

Zillow home value
$579k
▼ 2.3% year over year
Zillow ZHVI · direct
Median asking rent
$2,532
▼ 1.1% year over year
Zillow ZORI · direct
Gross yield
5.2%
annual rent ÷ price, before costs
derived: rent × 12 ÷ price ✓
HUD 2-bed standard
$2,246
market rent is 1.13x the standard
HUD Fair Market Rent · direct
Independent price check

Do two methods point the same way?

Zillow estimates a current home value. FHFA tracks repeat mortgage transactions. Their growth rates should be read side by side, not averaged.

The annual signals disagree
FHFA five-year cumulative+12.6%not annualized · through 2025
0%ZILLOW ZHVI2026-06−2.3%FHFA HPI2025+0.4%
Annual changes use different methods and may use different periods. The comparison checks direction and magnitude; it does not create a blended estimate. Zillow county ZHVI pulled 2026-07-26; FHFA annual county HPI pulled 2026-07-28.
Owner-reported value$737k
Surveyed gross rent$1,954
Rent burden 30%+46.6%
Median year built1958
Housing composition

Who occupies the stock—and what it is

ACS 2024 5-year
10.1%vacant
361,014estimated housing units
Occupied tenure58.5% renter
owner 41.5%renter 58.5%
Structure mix32.7% single-family
Single-family 32.7%20+ units 42.0%Mobile home 0.1%Other 25.2%
ACS estimates describe the standing housing stock and occupied tenure. They do not measure current listings, transaction prices or asking rents.

Survey source: Census ACS 5-year — county housing value, tenure and stock · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30. These values describe different housing universes and are not combined into gross yield.

Annual average covered jobs742,421▼ 2.3% from the prior annual release
Covered establishments51,304annual average reporting locations
Average weekly wage$2,478▲ 4.8% from the prior annual release
Largest private supersectorProfessional and business services32.3% of disclosed private covered jobs
Local labor base

Jobs, pay and private-sector concentration

2025
0%COVERED JOBS−2.3%WEEKLY WAGE+4.8%Professional and business services32.3%
Annual QCEW counts cover jobs located at reporting establishments. The industry share uses disclosed private covered employment; it is not a resident-employment measure or a forecast.

Workplace source: BLS QCEW — county employment and wages · annual county employment and wages 2025 vs 2024 · pulled 2026-07-31. QCEW counts covered jobs located in the county, not employed residents or the metro score’s CES/LAUS series.

County brief

What the local evidence says

01Decision frame

For a District of Columbia investor, the tension is a usable rent signal against softer pricing and weaker workplace conditions. Zillow’s 2026-06 median home value is $579,334, down 2.34%, while median asking rent is $2,532, down 1.07%, producing a reported 5.24% gross yield before costs. The case merits property-level investigation by an operator who can verify expenses and tenant demand; anyone relying on headline yield or population alone should be cautious. These observations do not establish Washington, DC metro conditions.

02Housing economics

Housing evidence is mixed. FHFA’s 2025 repeat-transaction HPI was positive; it is an appreciation index, not a home value, and its vintage and method stay separate from Zillow’s observation. Market rent is 112.70% of HUD’s $2,246 FMR, but FMR is a payment standard, not asking-rent evidence. The effective property-tax rate is 0.59%, with median annual tax of $4,312. The reported yield is therefore a screen, not net return, because insurance, maintenance, vacancy, financing, and association costs are not supplied.

03Demand & competition

Realtor.com MLS evidence shows more negotiable marketing, not a closed-sale verdict: median listing prices fell 8.33%, active listings fell, median days on market lengthened, and 17.63% of listings had price reductions. The pending ratio is pipeline evidence, not proof of demand. QCEW’s annual covered employment declined while average weekly covered-worker wages rose. Professional and business services is the largest disclosed private supersector, not the whole economy. Tax-return migration was positive, but the supplied in-minus-out average-income gap was -$31,154. Underwrite tenant income and submarket variation rather than treating net migration as uniformly supportive.

04Risk & next checks

Risk limits are material. The dominant hazard is inland flood, and modeled annual building loss is 0.05% of building value, not a dollar loss or insurance quote. Non-occupant investor mortgages were 489 of 5,441 purchase mortgages, or 8.99%: investor participation exists but does not define the buyer pool. Obtain closed-sale comps, property-level flood and elevation data, insurance quotes, vacancy and collection history, and full operating and financing costs. Without them, this record cannot establish resale liquidity, flood-adjusted carrying cost, or net cash flow. QCEW also cannot answer resident unemployment or metro labor conditions.

Cities & communities

Where people live within District of Columbia

Census-recognized incorporated places and CDPs that intersect this county. The list does not pretend to include every neighborhood or informal community.

Population scale

Largest Census places

ACS 2024 5-year
Washington city681.3K
Bars use total place population, not a county-share estimate. An asterisk marks a place that crosses a county line.
Official directory

1 Census places

Population
  1. 01
    Washington cityIncorporated place
    681,294

Population is the total place-wide ACS estimate, not an allocated county share. A place crossing a county line is labelled explicitly. Source: Census ACS 5-year — cities and communities · ACS 2024 5-year · pulled 2026-07-30.

Risk, demand and competition

The three things a price does not tell you

01
Risk & carrying costFEMA NRI + Census ACS
Dominant hazardinland flooding

0.048% of building value expected lost per year

Effective property tax0.58%

$4,312 median annual bill

02
DemandIRS SOI household flows
Net migration+1,673

32,848 in · 31,175 out

Arriving vs leaving income−$31,154

$86,003 arriving · $117,157 leaving

03
CompetitionHMDA financed purchases
Purchases by investors9.0%

489 of 5,441 mortgages

investorother financed
Current listing pressure

What sellers and visible supply are doing

Realtor.com® Economic Research · county inventory 2026-06 · pulled 2026-07-28
Active listings2,886▼ 5.1% year over year
Median days on market53▲ 3.9% year over year
Listings price-reduced17.6%seller-concession signal
Median listing pricen/a▼ 8.3% year over year

Listing price is an asking price, not a closed sale. Quality-flagged county rows are withheld instead of displayed.

Same metro

The other counties in Washington, DC

A metro is an average of these. Which side of a county line a property sits on can change the tax bill, the hazard profile and the tenant pool.

CountyPopulationPriceRentYieldHazard
District of Columbia681,294$579k$2,5325.2%inland flooding
Fairfax County1,147,837$779k$2,5423.9%inland flooding
Montgomery County1,065,949$627k$2,3464.5%inland flooding
Prince George's County959,754$434k$1,9515.4%inland flooding
Prince William County488,880$592k$2,2824.6%inland flooding
Loudoun County432,998$810k$2,9174.3%inland flooding
Frederick County287,048$509k$2,2175.2%inland flooding
Arlington County236,254$824k$2,7224.0%inland flooding
Charles County170,527$454k$2,3286.2%inland flooding
Bear case

What can break the county thesis

  1. Asking rent and gross yield omit vacancy, concessions, collections, operating costs, and financing, so net cash flow may be materially lower.
  2. Covered employment declined and out-movers had higher average income than in-movers, weakening the case that population flow represents durable tenant demand.
  3. Inland-flood exposure lacks property-level insurance, elevation, and mitigation evidence, which could raise carrying costs or impair resale liquidity.
Underwriting questions

Before pricing a property

What is the relationship between market rent and HUD FMR?

Median asking rent is $2,532, while HUD FMR is $2,246. FMR is a payment standard, not a market-rent estimate; the supplied rent-to-FMR ratio is 112.70%.

Does FHFA confirm Zillow’s price decline?

The supplied FHFA 2025 repeat-transaction HPI was positive, while Zillow’s 2026-06 median home value declined 2.34%. FHFA is an appreciation index, not a dollar home value, so the observations should not be averaged.

How large is investor participation?

Non-occupant investor mortgages accounted for 489 of 5,441 purchase mortgages, or 8.99%. This measures investor purchase-mortgage participation, not all investor ownership or buyer demand.